Cisco Fast Link Pulse (FLP) is a technology used in Ethernet networks to detect the presence of a link between two devices. It is a form of signaling that is sent over the physical Ethernet cable, and is used to quickly detect when a device is plugged into a port or when a link goes … Read more
CAS and CCS are two different signaling protocols used in telecommunications networks to establish and manage voice and data connections. CAS, or Channel Associated Signaling, is a signaling protocol that was commonly used in the past for analog circuits. It is a type of in-band signaling, which means that the signaling information is transmitted along … Read more
Q.931 is an ITU-T standard that defines the protocol used to establish and tear down calls in Integrated Services Digital Networks (ISDNs). It is a signaling protocol that is used to control the transfer of voice, data, and video traffic over ISDN networks. Q.931 is used to establish and maintain a logical connection between two … Read more
Phone button templates and soft-key templates are both important elements of Cisco Unified Communications Manager (CUCM) that allow administrators to control the features and functionality of Cisco IP phones. However, they serve different purposes and have distinct differences. Phone Button Templates: A phone button template is a pre-configured set of button assignments that define the … Read more
T1 and E1 are digital telecommunications standards used for transmitting voice and data signals over long distances. Both standards are widely used in the telecommunications industry and provide high-speed transmission rates for businesses and individuals. T1: T1 is a North American standard for digital transmission of voice and data. It has a transmission rate of … Read more
In traditional telephony systems, there are two types of interfaces used to connect analog phone lines to digital equipment: FXO and FXS. FXO stands for Foreign Exchange Office, while FXS stands for Foreign Exchange Station. In this article, we will discuss the differences between FXO and FXS interfaces and their applications. FXO Interface: An FXO … Read more
When a call is made between two phones registered on a Cisco Unified Communications Manager Express (CME), the signaling process involves several steps that allow the devices to communicate with each other and establish the call. In this article, we will discuss the signaling process for a call between two phones registered on a CME, … Read more
In networking, IEEE 802.3af and IEEE 802.3at are two standards that are used for Power over Ethernet (PoE). PoE is a technology that allows for the transmission of electrical power along with data over a standard Ethernet cable. This technology eliminates the need for separate power cables, simplifies network installations, and improves device mobility. In … Read more
Power over Ethernet (PoE) is a technology that allows for the transmission of electrical power and data over a standard Ethernet cable. This eliminates the need for separate power cables and simplifies the installation of network devices, such as IP phones, wireless access points, and security cameras. PoE technology is widely used in both small … Read more
Packet Voice Digital Signal Processor Modules (PVDM) are essential components in Cisco’s Voice over IP (VoIP) architecture. PVDM modules provide digital signal processing (DSP) resources that are used to perform voice encoding, decoding, and other signal processing functions in Cisco’s routers and switches. PVDMs are designed to work with a range of Cisco products, including … Read more